In the Overview, it said only 12 states convened. Senator Charles Schumer (D-NY, left) shakes hands with Senator Bob Bennett (R-UT) after the electoral votes from the 2008 presidential elections were counted and certified in the House Chamber in the U.S. Capitol January 8, 2009. It took them nearly the entire time to settle on the method for selecting the President, many claim, it would be dangerous to trust the President with such powers. (c) pro-hibits private ownership of all factories D. protect the sovereignty of the states. Out of those drawn-out debates came a compromise based on the idea of electoral intermediaries. Direct link to Hecretary Bird's post The value of 3/5 originat, Posted 5 years ago. Although this process in each state for providing valuable might elect a convention to the electoral college designed as? I was correct. I am a civics educator who has also run Purdue Universitys Constitution Day celebration for 15 years, and one lesson I always return to is the degree to which the founders had to compromise in order to ensure ratification. Under this plan, in conjunction with a compliant Congress, abolished slavery. Can you think of anything the delegates could have done to ensure the ratification of the Constitution without perpetuating the institution of slavery? In 1787, roughly 40 percent of people living in the Southern states were enslaved Black people, who couldnt vote. Originally, the Electoral College provided the Constitutional Convention with a compromise between two main proposals: the popular election of the President and the election of the President by Congress. This is known as the winner take all system, or general ticket system. It is the formal body that elects the President and Vice President of the United States. It is these elector-candidates, rather than the presidential and vice-presidential nominees, for whom the people vote in the November election, which is held on Tuesday after the first Monday in November. C. ensure the independence of the judiciary. Answers to your science questions. What Is the Electoral College? Three approaches were debated during the Constitutional Convention: election by Congress, selection by state legislatures and a popular. It was a compromise between a popular vote by citizens and a vote in Congress. I must admit though, I am not a constitutional scholar. Hamilton also observed that legislators are often slower to move than top leaders might be expected to: In the legislature, promptitude of decision is oftener an evil than a benefit.. The main issue of contention was if they should change the number of candidates sent to the House from the current five to two or three. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Popular vote wouldnt necessarily be fair to smaller states. Why did the framers choose the Electoral College? Yes. The Madison model effectively vested all governmental power in the national legislature. As the republic evolved, so did the Electoral College system, and, by the late 19th century, the following range of constitutional, legal and political elements were in place on both a state and federal level: The Constitution gives each state a number of electors equal to the combined total of its Senate membership (two for each state) and House of Representatives delegation (currently ranging from one to 55, depending on population). He then passes the certificates to four tellers (vote counters), two appointed by each house, who announce the results. This was eventually resolved in one of those many compromises by counting each enslaved person as three-fifths of a free person for the purposes of representation. E. insulate the presidency from the popular will. When the results from all states were compiled, the top electoral vote-getter would become President; the second would become Vice President. As prescribed in the U.S. Constitution, American presidents are elected not directly by the people, but by the people's electors. Circle the borders of the Swedish kingdom at the time of its maximum territorial expansion. But over time, all but two states (Maine and Nebraska) passed laws to give all of their electoral votes to the candidate who wins the states popular vote count. All Rights Reserved. National archives and records administration. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. And they also agreed on giving the president the power to veto laws but only if his veto was subject to an override. It does not store any personal data. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Name the states that were the main opponents of Sweden in the struggle for the coast of the Baltic Sea. Q: What is the Electoral College? The Electors Each state gets as many electors as it has members of Congress (House and Senate). Notwithstanding the founders efforts, the Electoral College system almost never functioned as they intended, but, as with so many constitutional provisions, the document prescribed only the systems basic elements, leaving ample room for development. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser, B) insulate the presidency from the popular will, The Constitutional Convention designed the electoral college to, A. strengthen the legislative branch against the executive branch, 9. But as soon as national political parties formed, the number of presidential candidates shrank. The Northwest Ordinances did which of the following? Direct link to swasome58's post The 3/5th compromise does, Posted 2 years ago. A. strengthen the legislative branch against the executive branch. Their compromise is known as the Electoral College. Ipswich jail, and no method to pay for a war. What was the Electoral College originally designed for? Popular Election of Electors. The system only worked well for the first two elections, when George Washington was undoubtedly everyones favorite, and he won both times in electoral landslides. This is just the opposite of the entire population argument ie NY and CA decide while small populated states have no say. Article II of the Constitution and the 12th Amendment refer to "electors," but not to the "electoral college." Since the Electoral College process is part of the original design of the U.S. Constitution it would be necessary to pass a Constitutional amendment to change this system. Had no agreement been reached, the delegates would not have approved the Constitution. Also, the 23rd Amendment awarded the District of Columbia the same number of electoral votes as the least populous state, bringing us to our current total of 538 electoral votes. free market We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. Hamilton does a better job of describing this in Federalist 68. https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/fed68.asp. After 36 ballots, the House selected Jefferson, and Congress decided a change in the system was needed. After a quite a bit of debate with no agreement, they referred the issue to the Committee on Unfinished Parts, which, as the name suggests, took up issues that couldnt be easily resolved. The intention was that each elector would be free and qualified to analyze the qualifications of candidates and to be separated from the political winds during their deliberations. The value of 3/5 originated from a proposed amendment to the Articles of Confederation. African American enslaved people made up a full 40 percent of the Souths read more, Departing from the monarchical tradition of Britain, the founding fathers of the United States created a system in which the American people had the power and responsibility to select their leader. The only state that did not convene was Rhode Island. Pennsylvania delegate James Wilson called the problem of picking a president in truth, one of the most difficult of all we have to decide. Other delegates, when they later recounted the groups effort, said this very subject embarrassed them more than any other that various systems were proposed, discussed, and rejected.. What was the original purpose of the Electoral College system quizlet? But what would the new system of government look like? Which of the following was a characteristic of colonial Pennsylvania? Here the divide was between slave-owning and non-slave-owning states. 2. The debate on amending the Electoral College did not end there. Direct link to saiyer's post It says "Between May and , Posted 4 years ago. The Electoral College in the U.S. Constitution, Allocation of Electors and Electoral Votes, The Electors: Ratifying the Voters Choice, How the Electoral College Works in Each State, Joint Tickets: One Vote for President and Vice President. Learn. The signing of the Constitution of the United States at the Constitutional Convention of 1787. Foreign powers How many departments are considered to be the inner cabinet? However, this exposed even more cracks in the systemthe result was a tie but not between the two candidates from different parties. Among the many thorny questions debated by the delegates to the 1787 Constitutional Convention, one of the hardest to resolve was how to elect the president. (d) allows foreign compa- Seeking to bolster the authority of the federal government, the delegates gathered at Independence Hall in Philadelphia and elected George Washington to preside over the convention. Painting depicting the signing of the Constitution. If we do not consider the popular majority vote for electing our Federal officials, why go through the process? Carolinians proposed a committee. The biggest issue is the EC is that the election ends at the State level and not in Washington DC where your vote matters. Selecting the president was one of those compromises. Russian Empire. At the Constitutional Convention in 1787, this was one of the stickiest issues to make its way through months of debate to create a government "of, by and for the people.". Right click over the text to activate a context menu for House of Representatives Practice and Procedures. They wanted the president chosen by what they thought of as enlightened statesmen. They were at risk of concluding their meetings without finding a way to pick a leader. In most states, voters cast a single vote for the slate of electors pledged to the party presidential and vice-presidential candidates of their choice. It be he said held majority of the electoral vote plan would be designed to the constitutional convention began with opponents. why was it only 9/12 states, what was the 13th state and why weren't they apart of this? 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