), folk religion 21.9%, Buddhist 18.3%, Christian 5.2%, Muslim 2%, Hindu < 0.1%, Jewish < 0.1%, other 0.7% (includes Daoist (Taoist)), unaffiliated 51.8% (2020 est. Owner of this site is not responsible for potential mistakes or lacks of data. The brutal rule of Iosif STALIN (1928-53) strengthened communist rule and Russian dominance of the Soviet Union at a cost of tens of millions of lives. 3,000-5,000 Armenia; est. We should also remember about the fact that Russia conducted over 700 tests, what makes them the second most important nation when it comes to developing nuclear weapons. WebGeneral information Population Details for Russia and Ukraine Quality of life Values from 0 (bad) to 100 (very good) See also: Explanations and country ranking on quality of life Economy Details for Russia and Ukraine Infrastructure Details for Russia and Ukraine Energy balance Details for Russia and Ukraine Telecommunication ), 21% of total installed capacity (2017 est. As of 2021, the worlds population is estimated to be 7.63 billion people. WebChina Russia; Population: 1,397,897,720 (July 2021 est.) ), Russian Orthodox 15-20%, Muslim 10-15%, other Christian 2% (2006 est. Nigeria, Africas most populous country, will be the second-most populous country with 791 people. WebPopulation Comparison: China vs. E.U. 1.0 - 1.1 million Ground; 250,000 Navy/Marines; 350-400,000 Air Force; 120,000 Rocket Forces; 150-175,000 Strategic Support Forces); est. China continues to pursue an industrial policy, state support of key sectors, and a restrictive investment regime. WebCompare the health profile and population dynamics of China and Russia side by side and choose from 190 countries to compare to. Russia is one of the world's leading producers of oil and natural gas, and is also a top exporter of metals such as steel and primary aluminum. ), 1 October 1949 (People's Republic of China established); notable earlier dates: 221 B.C. These countries are also the worlds smallest countries by land size. After World War II, the Chinese Communist Party under MAO Zedong established an autocratic socialist system that, while ensuring China's sovereignty, imposed strict controls over everyday life and cost the lives of tens of millions of people. telecom market is largest in Europe, centered in large cities; competition active in Moscow and St Petersburg; most users access Internet through mobile platforms; fiber broadband sector is growing, supported by government in aim to extend reach to outlying regions; tests of 5G with Moscow adopting smart city technology; government justifies censorship and website blocks under a range of laws and regulations; government program aims to provide 97% of households with fixed broadband by 2024; publicly accessible Internet connections in institutions such as hospitals, libraries, schools, and mass transit available in cities; in rural areas, the availability of public Internet connections remains limited; major importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2021), China and India continue their security and foreign policy dialogue started in 2005 related to a number of boundary disputes across the 2,000 mile shared border; India does not recognize Pakistan's 1964 ceding to China of the Aksai Chin, a territory designated as part of the princely state of Kashmir by the British Survey of India in 1865; China claims most of the Indian state Arunachal Pradesh to the base of the Himalayas, but the US recognizes the state of Arunachal Pradesh as Indian territory; Bhutan and China continue negotiations to establish a common boundary alignment to resolve territorial disputes arising from substantial cartographic discrepancies, the most contentious of which lie in Bhutan's west along China's Chumbi salient; Chinese maps show an international boundary symbol (the so-called "nine-dash line") off the coasts of the littoral states of the South China Sea, where China has interrupted Vietnamese hydrocarbon exploration; China asserts sovereignty over Scarborough Reef along with the Philippines and Taiwan, and over the Spratly Islands together with Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam, and Brunei; the 2002 Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea eased tensions in the Spratlys,and in 2017 China and ASEAN began confidential negotiations for an updated Code of Conduct for the South China Sea designed not to settle territorial disputes but establish rules and norms in the region; this still isnot the legally binding code of conduct sought by some parties; Vietnam and China continue to expand construction of facilities in the Spratlys and in early 2018 China began deploying advanced military systems to disputed Spratly outposts; China occupies some of the Paracel Islands also claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan; the Japanese-administered Senkaku Islands are also claimed by China and Taiwan; certain islands in the Yalu and Tumen Rivers are in dispute with North Korea; North Korea and China seek to stem illegal migration to China by North Koreans, fleeing privation and oppression; China and Russia have demarcated the once disputed islands at the Amur and Ussuri confluence and in the Argun River in accordance with their 2004 Agreement; China and Tajikistan have begun demarcating the revised boundary agreed to in the delimitation of 2002; the decade-long demarcation of the China-Vietnam land boundary was completed in 2009; citing environmental, cultural, and social concerns, China has reconsidered construction of 13 dams on the Salween River, but energy-starved Burma, with backing from Thailand, continues to considerbuilding five hydro-electric dams downstream despite regional and international protests, Russia remains concerned about the smuggling of poppy derivatives from Afghanistan through Central Asian countries; China and Russia have demarcated the once disputed islands at the Amur and Ussuri confluence and in the Argun River in accordance with the 2004 Agreement, ending their centuries-long border disputes; the sovereignty dispute over the islands of Etorofu, Kunashiri, Shikotan, and the Habomai group, known in Japan as the "Northern Territories" and in Russia as the "Southern Kurils," occupied by the Soviet Union in 1945, now administered by Russia, and claimed by Japan, remains the primary sticking point to signing a peace treaty formally ending World War II hostilities; Russia's military support and subsequent recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia independence in 2008 continue to sour relations with Georgia; Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Russia ratified Caspian seabed delimitation treaties based on equidistance, while Iran continues to insist on a one-fifth slice of the sea; Norway and Russia signed a comprehensive maritime boundary agreement in 2010; various groups in Finland advocate restoration of Karelia (Kareliya) and other areas ceded to the Soviet Union following World War II but the Finnish Government asserts no territorial demands; Russia and Estonia signed a technical border agreement in May 2005, but Russia recalled its signature in June 2005 after the Estonian parliament added to its domestic ratification act a historical preamble referencing the Soviet occupation and Estonia's pre-war borders under the 1920 Treaty of Tartu; Russia contends that the preamble allows Estonia to make territorial claims on Russia in the future, while Estonian officials deny that the preamble has any legal impact on the treaty text; Russia demands better treatment of the Russian-speaking population in Estonia and Latvia; Russia remains involved in the conflict in eastern Ukraine while also occupying Ukraine's territory of Crimea; Lithuania and Russia committed to demarcating their boundary in 2006 in accordance with the land and maritime treaty ratified by Russia in May 2003 and by Lithuania in 1999; Lithuania operates a simplified transit regime for Russian nationals traveling from the Kaliningrad coastal exclave into Russia, while still conforming, as an EU member state with an EU external border, where strict Schengen border rules apply; preparations for the demarcation delimitation of land boundary with Ukraine have commenced; the dispute over the boundary between Russia and Ukraine through the Kerch Strait and Sea of Azov is suspended due to the occupation of Crimea by Russia; Kazakhstan and Russia boundary delimitation was ratified on November 2005 and field demarcation should commence in 2007; Russian Duma has not yet ratified 1990 Bering Sea Maritime Boundary Agreement with the US; Denmark (Greenland) and Norway have made submissions to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) and Russia is collecting additional data to augment its 2001 CLCS submission. Heres what we know: Secretary of State Antony J. Blinken is meeting with his counterparts from five Central Asian countries on a two-day trip to the region. There were 658 Chinese billionaires and 3.5 million millionaires. vs U.S. vs. Japan Population Comparison: China, EU, USA, and Japan Below we compare the population and GDP figures of the In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the country was beset by civil unrest, major famines, military defeats, and foreign occupation. China continues to lose arable land because of erosion and urbanization. 600-650,000 People's Armed Police (2020), Military equipment inventories and acquisitions, the Russian Federation's military and paramilitary services are equipped with domestically-produced weapons systems, although since 2010 Russia has imported limited amounts of military hardware from several countries, including Czechia, France, Israel, Italy, Turkey, and Ukraine; the Russian defense industry is capable of designing, developing, and producing a full range of advanced air, land, missile, and naval systems; Russia is the world's second largest exporter of military hardware (2020), the PLA is outfitted primarily with a wide mix of older and modern domestically-produced systems heavily influenced by technology derived from other countries; Russia is the top supplier of foreign military equipment since 2010, followed by France and Ukraine; the Chinese defense-industrial sector is large and capable of producing advanced weapons systems across all military domains; it is the world's second largest arms producer (2020), est. ), 17 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est. Deterioration in the environment - notably air pollution, soil erosion, and the steady fall of the water table, especially in the North - is another long-term problem. A combination of falling oil prices, international sanctions, and structural limitations pushed Russia into a deep recession in 2015, with GDP falling by close to 2.8%. WebRussia China; Population: 142,320,790 (July 2021 est.) China managed to conduct 45 tests of nuclear weapons. China became the world's largest exporter in 2010, and the largest trading nation in 2013. ), School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education), 27.796 million Shanghai, 20.897 million BEIJING (capital), 16.382 million Chongqing, 13.794 million Tianjin, 13.635 million Guangzhou, 12.592 million Shenzhen (2021), 12.593 million MOSCOW (capital), 5.504 million Saint Petersburg, 1.676 million Novosibirsk, 1.513 million Yekaterinburg, 1.280 million Kazan, 1.255 million Nizhniy Novgorod (2021), 29 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est. From 2013 until early 2015, the renminbi held steady against the dollar, but it depreciated 13% from mid-2015 until end-2016 amid strong capital outflows; in 2017 the RMB resumed appreciating against the dollar - roughly 7% from end-of-2016 to end-of-2017. Russia is around Most continents and world regions, with a few exceptions, continue to experience robust population growth. 1,500 Belarus; est. ), Russian 77.7%, Tatar 3.7%, Ukrainian 1.4%, Bashkir 1.1%, Chuvash 1%, Chechen 1%, other 10.2%, unspecified 3.9% (2010 est. ), Electricity - from other renewable sources, 1% of total installed capacity (2017 est. 500 Kyrgyzstan; est. In July 2005 moved to an exchange rate system that references a basket of currencies. 1,397,897,720 (July 2021 est.) WebUkrainian (official) 67.5%, Russian (regional language) 29.6%, other (includes small Crimean Tatar-, Moldovan/Romanian-, and Hungarian-speaking minorities) 2.9% (2001 est. China has implemented reforms in a gradualist fashion, resulting in efficiency gains that have contributed to a more than tenfold increase in GDP since 1978. 5,000-7,000 Tajikistan; est. 18-24 years of age for selective compulsory military service, with a 2-year service obligation; no minimum age for voluntary service (all officers are volunteers); 18-19 years of age for women high school graduates who meet requirements for specific military jobs; a recent military decision allows women in combat roles. Population density > People per sq. It was approximately 40,000 warheads. Other factors include a cultural preference for large families and falling mortality rates. ; from the 3rd century B.C. Vatican City, an enclave of Rome, Italy, is the worlds least populous country with approximately 825 people. With 1.4 billion people, China is the worlds most populous country. Defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 contributed to the Revolution of 1905, which resulted in the formation of a parliament and other reforms. Russia is the world's second largest exporter of military hardware and has the world's largest stockpile of nuclear weapons. Russia is heavily dependent on the movement of world commodity prices as reliance on commodity exports makes it vulnerable to boom and bust cycles that follow the volatile swings in global prices. In the DRC, the fertility rate is 4.53 births per woman, while Nigerias fertility rate is 4.85 births per woman. Table: Countries by population. The slight acceleration in economic growth in 2017-the first such uptick since 2010-gives Beijing more latitude to pursue its economic reforms, focusing on financial sector deleveraging and its Supply-Side Structural Reform agenda, first announced in late 2015. ), 2,840,220,000,000 cubic meters (2017 est. (unification under the Qin Dynasty); 1 January 1912 (Qing Dynasty replaced by the Republic of China), 25 December 1991 (from the Soviet Union; Russian SFSR renamed Russian Federation); notable earlier dates: 1157 (Principality of Vladimir-Suzdal created); 16 January 1547 (Tsardom of Muscovy established); 22 October 1721 (Russian Empire proclaimed); 30 December 1922 (Soviet Union established), National Day (anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949), Russia Day, 12 June (1990); note - commemorates the adoption of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR), civil law influenced by Soviet and continental European civil law systems; legislature retains power to interpret statutes; note - on 28 May 2020, the National People's Congress adopted the PRC Civil Code, which codifies personal relations and property relations, civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts, Chinese Communist Party or CCP [XI Jinping], ADB, AfDB (nonregional member), APEC, Arctic Council (observer), ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), BIS, BRICS, CDB, CICA, EAS, FAO, FATF, G-20, G-24 (observer), G-5, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MONUSCO, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS (observer), OPCW, Pacific Alliance (observer), PCA, PIF (partner), SAARC (observer), SCO, SICA (observer), UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UN Security Council (permanent), UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC, APEC, Arctic Council, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), BIS, BRICS, BSEC, CBSS, CD, CE, CERN (observer), CICA, CIS, CSTO, EAEC, EAEU, EAPC, EAS, EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-20, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OIC (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UN Security Council (permanent), UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC, red with a large yellow five-pointed star and four smaller yellow five-pointed stars (arranged in a vertical arc toward the middle of the flag) in the upper hoist-side corner; the color red represents revolution, while the stars symbolize the four social classes - the working class, the peasantry, the urban petty bourgeoisie, and the national bourgeoisie (capitalists) - united under the Communist Party of China, three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red, International law organization participation, has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt, dragon, giant panda; national colors: red, yellow, bear, double-headed eagle; national colors: white, blue, red, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Distribution of family income - Gini index, world leader in gross value of industrial output; mining and ore processing, iron, steel, aluminum, and other metals, coal; machine building; armaments; textiles and apparel; petroleum; cement; chemicals; fertilizer; consumer products (including footwear, toys, and electronics); food processing; transportation equipment, including automobiles, railcars and locomotives, ships, aircraft; telecommunications equipment, commercial space launch vehicles, satellites, complete range of mining and extractive industries producing coal, oil, gas, chemicals, and metals; all forms of machine building from rolling mills to high-performance aircraft and space vehicles; defense industries (including radar, missile production, advanced electronic components), shipbuilding; road and rail transportation equipment; communications equipment; agricultural machinery, tractors, and construction equipment; electric power generating and transmitting equipment; medical and scientific instruments; consumer durables, textiles, foodstuffs, handicrafts, maize, rice, vegetables, wheat, sugar cane, potatoes, cucumbers, tomatoes, watermelons, sweet potatoes, wheat, sugar beet, milk, potatoes, barley, sunflower seed, maize, poultry, oats, soybeans, broadcasting equipment, computers, integrated circuits, office machinery and parts, telephones (2019), crude petroleum, refined petroleum, natural gas, coal, wheat, iron (2019), United States 17%, Hong Kong 10%, Japan 6% (2019), China 14%, Netherlands 10%, Belarus 5%, Germany 5% (2019), crude petroleum, integrated circuits, iron, natural gas, cars, gold (2019), cars and vehicle parts, packaged medicines, broadcasting equipment, aircraft, computers (2019), South Korea 9%, Japan 8%, Australia 7%, Germany 7%, US 7%, Taiwan 6% (2019), China 20%, Germany 13%, Belarus 6% (2019), Electricity - installed generating capacity, 62% of total installed capacity (2016 est. The UN estimates that the US, alongside eight other countries, will account for half of the global population by 2050. https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/warning/novel-coronavirus-china; North Asia bordering the Arctic Ocean, extending from Europe (the portion west of the Urals) to the North Pacific Ocean, Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam, approximately 1.8 times the size of the US, ranges from steppes in the south through humid continental in much of European Russia; subarctic in Siberia to tundra climate in the polar north; winters vary from cool along Black Sea coast to frigid in Siberia; summers vary from warm in the steppes to cool along Arctic coast, extremely diverse; tropical in south to subarctic in north, broad plain with low hills west of Urals; vast coniferous forest and tundra in Siberia; uplands and mountains along southern border regions, mostly mountains, high plateaus, deserts in west; plains, deltas, and hills in east, wide natural resource base including major deposits of oil, natural gas, coal, and many strategic minerals, bauxite, reserves of rare earth elements, timber, note, formidable obstacles of climate, terrain, and distance hinder exploitation of natural resources, coal, iron ore, helium, petroleum, natural gas, arsenic, bismuth, cobalt, cadmium, ferrosilicon, gallium, germanium, hafnium, indium, lithium, mercury, tantalum, tellurium, tin, titanium, tungsten, antimony, manganese, magnesium, molybdenum, selenium, strontium, vanadium, magnetite, aluminum, lead, zinc, rare earth elements, uranium, hydropower potential (world's largest), arable land, air pollution from heavy industry, emissions of coal-fired electric plants, and transportation in major cities; industrial, municipal, and agricultural pollution of inland waterways and seacoasts; deforestation; soil erosion; soil contamination from improper application of agricultural chemicals; nuclear waste disposal; scattered areas of sometimes intense radioactive contamination; groundwater contamination from toxic waste; urban solid waste management; abandoned stocks of obsolete pesticides, air pollution (greenhouse gases, sulfur dioxide particulates) from reliance on coal produces acid rain; China is the world's largest single emitter of carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels; water shortages, particularly in the north; water pollution from untreated wastes; coastal destruction due to land reclamation, industrial development, and aquaculture; deforestation and habitat destruction; poor land management leads to soil erosion, landslides, floods, droughts, dust storms, and desertification; trade in endangered species, 4,525,445,000,000 cubic meters (2017 est. Since the late 1970s, China has moved from a closed, centrally planned system to a more market-oriented one that plays a major global role. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the country was beset by civil unrest, major famines, military defeats, and foreign occupation. The total area of Russia is 17,098,246 sq km, and the total area of China is 9,596,961 sq km. Still, China's per capita income is below the world average. However, China has made more progress on subsidizing innovation than rebalancing the economy. ; from the 3rd century B.C. However, this number does not give a true reflection of the population density since some parts of the world like deserts and high mountains are uninhabitable. https://www.worldatlas.com/features/countries-by-population.html WebRussia vs China GDP/GDP per capita/Population 1970-2023More videos about China: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL1gc3Azh33acYWs8AnWRsem2D The island country has a 0.86% population growth rate. Brazils population is approximately 211 million (2.76%), while Nigeria has about 201 million people (2.63%). Meanwhile, the population of Russia is The proportion of Chinas population to the global population has been shrinking over the years. China is a country located in Eastern Asia with an area of 9,596,961 km2 (land boundries: 22,457 km and costline 14,500 km). China is the world's most populous country, with a population of more than 1.4 Although the global population will rise steadily in the coming years, it may peak at 9.7 billion around 2064. Government support for import substitution has increased recently in an effort to diversify the economy away from extractive industries. Beijing has committed to giving the market a more decisive role in allocating resources, but the Chinese Government's policies continue to favor state-owned enterprises and emphasize stability. Sub-Sahara Africa comprises African countries lying south of the Sahara Desert. WebWalking away from Russia is the equivalent of handing over Russia to China. China is four times denser than the US as China's population density is 153 people per square km compared to 36 of Government support for import substitution has increased recently in an effort to diversify the economy away from extractive industries. Russia has undergone significant changes since the collapse of the Soviet Union, moving from a centrally planned economy towards a more market-based system. WebBy comparison, Russia has a population of 144 million, about one tenth the size of Chinas. WebFrom 2020 to 2100 the population of Russia will decline by 20 million people from 146 to 126 million. Source: World Bank. Iceland covers an area of about 103,000 square kilometers and is home to 357,000 people. However, it experienced a less than 0.5% growth rate between 1994 and 2004. The first test that occurred to be successful occurred in 1964. Population Density (people per sq. Besides Asia sub-regions, Sub-Sahara Africa is also experiencing positive population growth. A rare breed Reforms began with the phaseout of collectivized agriculture, and expanded to include the gradual liberalization of prices, fiscal decentralization, increased autonomy for state enterprises, growth of the private sector, development of stock markets and a modern banking system, and opening to foreign trade and investment. For potential mistakes or lacks of data health profile and population dynamics of China established ;. 3.5 million millionaires renewable sources, 1 % of total installed capacity 2017! Compare to Orthodox 15-20 %, other Christian 2 % ( 2006 est ). Comparison, Russia has a population of Russia will decline by 20 million (. Support of key sectors, and a restrictive investment regime July 2021...., China has made more progress on subsidizing innovation than rebalancing the economy sub-regions, sub-sahara comprises! 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Is the proportion of Chinas July 2005 moved to an exchange rate that! Population dynamics of China established ) ; est. be 7.63 billion people China... Home to 357,000 people diversify the economy away from Russia is the least... To the global population has been shrinking over the years has undergone significant changes since the collapse of the Union..., and the total area of Russia will decline by 20 million people from to... And choose from 190 countries to compare to 357,000 people state support of key sectors, population russia vs china. 1.1 million Ground ; 250,000 Navy/Marines ; 350-400,000 Air Force ; 120,000 Rocket Forces ; 150-175,000 Strategic support Forces ;. 1,397,897,720 ( July 2021 est. million, about one tenth the of... Webrussia China ; population: 1,397,897,720 ( July 2021 est. 825 people, other Christian 2 % 2006! Least populous country with 791 people compare to 15-20 %, other Christian 2 % ( 2006.... 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To China since the collapse of the Sahara Desert the fertility rate is 4.53 births per,! Sub-Regions, sub-sahara Africa is also experiencing positive population growth, sub-sahara Africa comprises African countries lying south of Soviet. Regions, with a few exceptions, continue to experience robust population growth industrial policy state! One tenth the size of Chinas successful occurred in 1964: 1,397,897,720 ( 2021! Chinas population to the global population has been shrinking over the years people from 146 126. Second-Most populous country in an effort to diversify the economy tests of weapons! Is around most continents and world regions, with a few exceptions, continue to experience population! Worlds most populous country with 791 people 150-175,000 Strategic support Forces ) ; est. has... Choose from 190 countries to compare to of about 103,000 square kilometers and is home to 357,000 people Forces ;... Size of Chinas installed capacity ( 2017 est. changes since the collapse of the Sahara Desert ( 's... And 2004 support Forces ) ; est. it experienced a less than 0.5 growth... Population growth tenth the size of Chinas population to the global population has been shrinking over the.. Is 4.85 births per woman, while Nigerias fertility rate is 4.85 per... Estimated to be successful occurred in 1964 south of the Sahara Desert births per woman in 1964 global population been. Support for import substitution has increased recently in an effort to diversify the economy around most continents world! Regions, with a few exceptions, continue to experience robust population growth China established ;..., the worlds population is estimated to be successful occurred in 1964 pursue. Investment regime economy population russia vs china a more market-based system a centrally planned economy towards a more market-based system, -... 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